Povestea unei prietenii mai putin cunoscute: Constantin Brancusi si Marcel Duchamp

[altmariusart]

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Una dintre cele mai frumoase prietenii din lumea artei, discrete si departe de ochi lumii a fost intre Constantin Brancusi si pictorul cubist, Marcel Duchamp.

Pentru ca Brancusi era foarte retras si nu se afisa la serate mondene, preferand sa-si primeasca prietenii in atelier, prietenia lui cu Duchamp nu a fost evocata niciodata in public chiar daca in epoca se stia ca acesta il ajutase sa expuna in America si ii facuse cunostinta cu clienti americani influenti care au achizitionat lucrari ale romanului.

Asa se face ca prietenia lor a fost apreciata in adevaratele ei nuante si profunzimi dupa moartea lui Brancusi cand a fost documentata si inventariata intreaga lui corespondenta. Brancusi pastrase toata corespondenta cu Duchamp, il mentiona adesea si in scrisorile care iubita sa – Marthe.

In Romania a fost publicata la Editura Vremea o carte document in care sunt reluate multe dintre scrisorile lui Duchamp catre Brancusi, o gasiti aici.

In carte, curatoarea scrisorilor, Doina Lemny (care este si cea care are in grija Atelierul lui Brancusi de langa Centrul Pompidou) marturiseste: “Cand am intervievat-o pe Jacqueline Matisse Monnier, fiica Alexinei Duchamp, in legatura cu prietenia lor, ea ne-a raspuns foarte simplu ca stiindu-i foarte bine pe cei doi artisti, legatura aceasta foarte puternica i se parea evidenta:  “lui Duchamp ii placeau inteligenta si simplitatea, oamenii inzestrati cu caracter, iar Brancusi era un autodidact de mare inteligenta”

Corespondenta dintre Brancusi si Duchamp este pastrata in biblioteca Kandinsky de la Centrul Pompidou si a intrat in acest fond in doua etape: o prima etapa in 1957, odata cu mostenirea pe care Brancusi a lasat-o statului francez, iar cea de-a doua in 2003, printr-o donatie a detinatorului drepturilor asupra lucrarilor sculptorului.

https://www.urban.ro/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/default-226x180.jpg 226w, https://www.urban.ro/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/default-768x612.jpg 768w, https://www.urban.ro/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/default.jpg 1200w" data-lazy-loaded="1" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" /> Constantin Brancusi, Marcel Duchamp si Mary Reynolds

Ea reconstituie intr-o maniera pertinenta evolutia acestei prietenii si reprezinta un document foarte important pentru istoricul unui mare numar de opere ale artistului roman.

Foarte discret, Marcel Duchamp nu si-a dezvaluit niciodata motivele devotamentului sau fata de sculptor si nici nu l-a criticat niciodata. Corespondenta lor dezvaluie simpatia profunda pe care el o nutreste pentru omul Brancusi. Duchamp are o mare afectiune pentru “batran”, ii da sfaturi in legatura cu sanatatea si il incurajeaza sa profite de diverse avantaje ale unei calatorii.

In plus, pentru ca ii placea foarte mult atmosfera din atelierul lui Brancusi, Duchamp isi invita la atelierul sculptorului prietenii apropiati, care erau de fiecare data bineveniti.

Respectul pe care Duchamp il avea pentru Brancusi a facut ca, desi a luptat foarte mult ca sa-i promoveze lucrarile in America, sa faca totul cu foarte multa discretie. Il mentioneaza totusi pe Brancusi intr-un interviu la New York.

 “traieste complet singur cu sculptura lui si nu exista niciodata niciun intermediar intre el si cei pasionati de opera lui. Formele sunt desigur ceea ce-l obsedeaza. Nascuta din pasarea lui dolofana, Maiastra inceputurilor sale, formele au devenit treptat mai suple, pana cand au atins aceasta ultima forma pe care o vedem in expozitie. Brancusi spune ca i-ar placea sa mareasca o pasare pana cand ea ar putea sa acopere cerul intreg. Cum am spus inainte, Brancusi lucreaza singur si unicul lui contact cu oamenii este cu aceia care ii iubesc sculptura. In cazul lui, razboiul intre artist si colectionar nu exista.”

Interviul are o mare valoare documentara, caci nicio alta marturie scrisa de Duchamp despre prietenul lui nu a fost consemnata.

Henri Robert Marcel Duchamp (1887 – 1968) a fost un pictor si sculptor care a influentat mult curentele cubism si Dadaism. A avut alti 6 frati, trei dintre ei fiind pictori.

Intre lucrarile lui Duchamp se afla o parodie dupa Mona Lisa, cu mustati, desenata pe un print foarte ieftin, celebra “Fountain” un pisoar expu intr-o galerie, o serie de lucrari Kinetice, The Large Glass, Bicycle Wheel –realizate la 1920, cu ajutorul lui Man Ray.  Ina  doua parte a vietii Duchamp a fost pasionat de compozitia muzicala ( i se pastreaza doua lucrari) si de teorii privind sahul, find un jucator foarte pasionat.

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Anul trecut, un colectionar francez a dat in judecata trei firme din SUA si din Marea Britanie pentru 27,5 milioane de dolari din cauza unei sparturi provocate la una din cele mai cunoscute lucrari realizate de Constantin Brancusi.

„Le Poisson” – „Pestele” – este o lucrare realizata de Constantin Brancusi intre 1920 si 1922 si face parte din motivele folosite de sculptor frecvent in munca lui precum pestele, pasarea, capul uman si miscarea acestora.

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