Concertul zilei: Beethoven - Simfonia a II-a in D major

[altmariusclassic2]

Prom 9: Beethoven 
Beethoven - Symphony No. 2 in D major
1 - Adagio molto -- Allegro con brio
2 - Larghetto
3 - Scherzo: Allegro
4 - Allegro molto

West--Eastern Divan Orchestra
Daniel Barenboim, conductor
Royal Albert Hall, 20 July 2012

 

Symphony No. 2 (Beethoven)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Portrait of Beethoven in 1803, a year after the premiere of his Second Symphony.

Symphony No. 2 in D major (Op. 36) is a symphony in four movements written by Ludwig van Beethoven between 1801 and 1802. The work is dedicated to Karl Alois, Prince Lichnowsky.

Background

Beethoven's Second Symphony was mostly written during Beethoven's stay at Heiligenstadt in 1802, at which time his deafness was becoming more apparent and he began to realize that it might be incurable. The work was premiered in the Theater an der Wien in Vienna on 5 April 1803, and was conducted by the composer. During that same concert, theThird Piano Concerto and the oratorio Christ on the Mount of Olives were also debuted.^[1] It is one of the last works of Beethoven's so-called "early period".

Beethoven wrote the Second Symphony without a standard minuet; instead, a scherzo took its place, giving the composition even greater scope and energy. The scherzo and the finale are filled with vulgar Beethovenian musical jokes, which shocked the sensibilities of many contemporary critics. One Viennese critic for the Zeitung fuer die elegante Welt (Newspaper for the Elegant World) famously wrote of the Symphony that it was "a hideously writhing, wounded dragon that refuses to die, but writhing in its last agonies and, in the fourth movement, bleeding to death."^[2]

Instrumentation

The symphony is scored for two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets in A, two bassoons, two horns in D and E, two trumpets in D, timpaniand strings. The composer also made a transcription of the entire symphony for piano trio which bears the same opus number.

Form

	Symphony No. 2 (Beethoven) 1. Adagio molto – Allegro con brio MENU 0:00 2. Larghetto (A major) MENU 0:00 3. Scherzo Allegro – Trio MENU 0:00 4. Allegro molto MENU 0:00 Performed by the Tsumugi Orchestra conducted by Takashi Inoue (2011)
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This symphony consists of four movements:

1. Adagio molto, 3/4 – Allegro con brio, 4/4
2. Larghetto, 3/8 in A major
3. Scherzo: Allegro, 3/4
4. Allegro molto, 2/2

A typical performance runs 33 to 36 minutes.

First movement

The Introduction, Adagio molto, begins in D major, changing to B♭ major in measure 11. In measures 26–28, it briefly modulates to A major and immediately back to D. The exposition (Allegro con brio) begins in D major with the A theme lasting until measure 57. A transition towards the B theme lasts until measure 72, modulating to A minor at measure 61. The B theme begins in A major at 73, moving to A minor again at 113 with a codetta from measure 117–136 (moving to D major in measure 120). The development uses material from the A theme, going through several modulations throughout and making use of the main idea from Theme A in sequence. At measure 216, the A theme returns in the recapitulation, lasting until measure 228. There is a retransition from 229–244, bringing back the B theme at measure 245, this time in the tonic key. At 327, B♭ major returns briefly, moving back to D in 334 with a Coda from measures 340–360.

Second movement

This movement, Larghetto, is in the dominant key of A major and is one of Beethoven's longest symphonic slow movements. There are clear indications of the influence of folk music and the pastoral, presaging his Symphony No. 6 ("Pastoral").

Third movement

This movement, Scherzo: Allegro, encloses a melodious oboe and bassoon quartet within typical-sounding Austrian side-slapping dance.

Fourth movement

The fourth movement, Allegro molto, is composed of very rapid string passages. Musicologist Robert Greenberg of the San Francisco Conservatory of Music describes the highly unusual opening motif as a hiccup, belch or flatulence followed by a groan of pain. According to Greenberg:

Beethoven's gastric problems, particularly in times of great stress – like the fall of 1802 – were legendary. ... It has been understood almost since the day of its premiere that that is what this music is all about. Beethoven never refuted it; in fact, he must have encouraged it. Otherwise, how could such an interpretation become common coin? And common coin it is.^[3]

Notes

1. ^ Steinberg, M. The Concerto: A Listener's Guide, p.59-63, Oxford (1998).
2. ^ Beethoven Symphony No.2, Allmusic
3. ^ Robert Greenberg, The Symphonies of Beethoven, "Symphony No. 2: Beethoven at the Edge II", The Teaching Company (1996)

External links[edit]

• Analysis of Beethoven Symphony No.2 on the All About Ludwig van Beethoven Page
• Complete performance by the Philadelphia Orchestra. (Interview only)
• Symphony No. 2 is available in PDF format created from MuseData.
• Symphony No. 2: Free scores at the International Music Score Library Project
• A visual analysis of the 2nd Symphony [1]